Data Types:
Data
types are used to allocate the memory.
Memory
used for store the values.
Derived
Data Types:
The
Data Types which are already derived in c language.
Ex:
arrays , pointers…etc.
User
Defined Data Types:
The
Data Types which are defined by the user called User Defined Data Types.
Ex:
Structures,unions,enum..etc.
Basic
Data Types:
Integer:
signed short int / short int / signed int /
int :
it
is used to allocate the memory of short integers.
it occupies 2 bytes of memory.
+ 10
:
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
-10
:
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
In this first bit is sign bit remaining bits are value bits.
If
we enter positive values then sign bit take zero otherwise one.
Range
of the values -215 to 215-1.
Data
types :
signed
short int a, signed short int b…etc.
signed
int a, signed int b ...etc.
short
int a, short int b ....etc.
int
a, int b ...etc.
unsigned short int / unsigned int:
it
is to used allocate the memory of positive short integers.
it occupies 2 bytes of memory.
In
this all bits are value bits.
Range
of the values 0 to 216-1.
Data
types :
unsigned
short int a, unsigned short int b…etc.
unsigned
int a, unsigned int b..etc.
signed long int / long int / long :
it
is used to allocate the memory of long integers.
it occupies 4 bytes of memory.
In
this first bit is sign bit remaining bits are value bits.
If
we enter positive values then sign bit take zero otherwise one.
Range
of the values -231 to 231-1.
Data
types :
signed
long int a, signed long int b …etc.
long
int a, long int b ….etc.
long
a, long b ….etc.
unsigned long int:
it
is used to allocate the memory of positive long integers.
it occupies 4 bytes of memory.
In all
bits are value bits.
Range
of the values 0 to 232-1.
Data
types :
unsigned
long int a, unsigned long int b …etc.
Characters
:
Char:
Char:
It
is used to allocate the memory of characters
It
occupy 1 byte of memory.
Range
of the values -27 to 27-1.
Data
types :
Char
a. char b …etc.
float
values :
float:
it
is used to allocate the memory of floating values or decimal values.
it occupies 4 bytes of memory.
Range
of the values 3.4 X 10-34 to 3.4
X 10+34.
Data
types :
float
a, float b…etc.
double :
it
is also used to allocate the memory of floating values or decimal values.
it occupies 8 bytes of memory.
Range
of the values 1.7 X 10-304 to 1.7 X 10+304.
Data
types :
double
a, double b…etc.
long double :
it
is also used to allocate the memory of floating values or decimal values.
it occupies 10 bytes of memory.
Range
of the values 3.4 X 10-4932 to 1.1 X 10+4932.
Data
types :
Long
double a, long double b…etc.
Note:
1. float will take 6 decimal places .
2.double will take 14 decimal places
.
void:
it
can not occupy any memory.
Note:
in c language while declaring a variable we have to mention which type variable
declaring using data types similarly while displaying a variable we have to
mention which type variable display using Control String or format specifier.
Some Control Strings:
Format
Specifier or Control String
|
Use
|
%d
|
int
|
%c
|
char
|
%f
|
float
|
%ld
|
long
int
|
%lf
|
double
|
%u
|
unsigned
|
%s
|
string
|
Ex://Write
a Program to Demonstrate datatypes.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
char b;
float c;
clrscr();
a=56;
b=’c’;
c=45.36;
printf(“%d”,a);
printf(“%c”,b);
printf(“%f”,c);
getch();
}
Output:
56c45.36
|
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
char b;
float c;
clrscr();
a=56;
b=’c’;
c=45.36;
printf(“\na=%d”,a);
printf(“\nb=%c”,b);
printf(“\nc=%f”,c);
getch();
}
Output:
a=56
b=c
c=45.36
Note: \n
for new line
|
clrscr():
it is a predefined function and it is used to
clear the screen.
The source
code is available in conio.h
conio
means console input and out put.
getch():
it
is a predefined function and it is used to display the out put at run time and
it is not a echo character on the screen.
The source
code is available in conio.h
conio
means console input and out put.
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