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Sunday, 20 October 2013

Arrays in C language

ARRAY IMPLEMENTATION:
Definition of Array:
                                    Collection of elements of slimier Data types is known as Array.
 i.e with in one Name  we can store any number of elements.

Syntax:
Declaration :
                        Datatype Arrayname [size];

                        Ex:int a[5];
                            float b[3];

Initialization : 

               Datatype Arrayname [size]={elements...};
               Ex:-      int a[5]={2,6,8,7,8}; 

Elements
 2
6 
8
7
8
Index
0
1
2
3
4

  • Memory will be allocated continuously for all the elements.
  • Each element is identified with the help of index number.
  • The index of the array starts from ‘0’ and end at ‘size-1’.
  • The size of the array must be constant.
/*3.Write a C program to
Demonstrate one Dimensional Array  */
/*4.Write a C program to
Demonstrate one
Dimensional  Array using loops */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[5]={9,4,6,2,5};
clrscr();
printf(“\nsizeof a=%d bytes”,sizeof(a));
printf(“\a[0]=%d”,a[0]);
printf(“\a[1]=%d”,a[1]);
printf(“\a[2]=%d”,a[2]);
printf(“\a[3]=%d”,a[3]);
printf(“\a[4]=%d”,a[4]);

getch();
}


Result:
Output:
Size of a=10 bytes
a[0]=9
a[1]=4
a[2]=6
a[3]=2
a[4]=5
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[5]={9,4,6,2,5};
int i;
clrscr();
printf(“\nsizeof a=%d bytes”,sizeof(a));
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“\na[%d]=%d”,i,a[i]);
}

getch();
}


Result:
Output:
Size of a=10 bytes
a[0]=9
a[1]=4
a[2]=6
a[3]=2
a[4]=5


/*.Write a C program to accept the 5
Integer to an one Dimensional Array
and Display it */
/*.Write a C program to accept the
n integers to an one Dimensional
Array and Display it */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[5];
int i;
clrscr();
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“\nEnter %d Element:”,i+1);
scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“\na[%d]=%d”,i,a[i]);
}
getch();
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[5];
inti,n;
clrscr();
printf(“enter the value of n:”);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf(“\nEnter %d Element:”,i+1);
scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf(“\na[%d]=%d”,i,a[i]);
}
getch();
}
Result:
Input:
Enter 1 Element:21
Enter 2 Element:63
Enter 3 Element:52
Enter 4 Element:4
Enter 5 Element:9

Output:
a[0]=21
a[1]=63
a[2]=52
a[3]=4
a[4]=9
Result:
Input:
Enter the value of n:3
Enter 1 Element:2
Enter 2 Element:6
Enter 3 Element:5

Output:
a[0]=2
a[1]=6
a[2]=5
/*Write a C program to accept the n
Integers Display reverse order */
/*.Write a C program to accept the
n integers Display Ascending order
*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[20],i,n,temp;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the value of n:");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\nEnter %d element:",i+1);
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("\noriginal order:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i]);
}

for(i=0;i<n/2;i++)
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[n-1-i];
a[n-1-i]=temp;
}
printf("\nReverse order:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i]);
}
getch();
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[20],i,j,n,temp;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the value of n:");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\nEnter %d element:",i+1);
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("\noriginal order:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i]);
}

for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i]>a[j])
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
}
}
}
printf("\nAscending order:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i]);
}
getch();
}

Result:

Input:

Enter the value of n:5

Enter 1 element:9

Enter 2 element:6

Enter 3 element:4

Enter 4 element:1

Enter 5 element:3

Output:

original order:  9  6  4  1  3

Reverse order:  3  1  4  6  9

Result:

Input:

Enter the value of n:5

Enter 1 element:21

Enter 2 element:55

Enter 3 element:41

Enter 4 element:78

Enter 5 element:3

Output:

original order: 21 55 41 78  3

Ascending order:  3 21 41 55 78


Two Dimensional Arrays:

Collection of elements of one dimensional Array is known as a two dimensional Array. 

Syntax:

Declaration :

                        Datatype Arrayname [row size][col size];

                        Ex:int a[5][3];

Initialization : 

                Datatype Arrayname [size]={elements...};

            Datatype Arrayname [size]={{row elements},{row elements}...};


Ex:-      int a[3][3]={2,6,8,7,9,1,5,4,3}; 

            int a[3][3]={{2,6,8},{7,9,1},{5,4,3}}; 



columns
r
o
w
s
a
0
1
2
0
2
6
8
1
7
9
1
2
5
4
3

Output: a[0][0]=2, a[0][1]=6…..,a[2][2]=3
/*Write a C program to demonstrate two
 Dimensional Array and display in the form of matrices */                  
/*Write a C program to accept the elements for
two Dimensional Array and display in the form
of 3x3 matrices */                    
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[3][3]= {{2,6,8},{7,9,1},{5,4,3}};
int i,j;
clrscr();
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i][j]);
}
}
getch();
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[3][3],i,j;
clrscr();
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("enter %d row %d column Element:",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i][j]);
}
}getch();
}

Result:

Output:


  2  6  8
  7  9  1
  5  4  3

Result:

Input:


enter 1 row 1 column Element:5
enter 1 row 2 column Element:9
enter 1 row 3 column Element:4

enter 2 row 1 column Element:3
enter 2 row 2 column Element:2
enter 2 row 3 column Element:1

enter 3 row 1 column Element:4
enter 3 row 2 column Element:6
enter 3 row 3 column Element:3

Output:

  5  9  4
  3  2  1
  4  6  3

/*Write a C program to accept the elements for
two Dimensional Array and display in the form
of 3x3 matrices */                    
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[10][10],i,j,r,c;
clrscr();
printf("enter row and column Size:");
scanf("%d%d",&r,&c);
for(i=0;i<r;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c;j++)
{
printf("enter %d row %d column Element:",i+1,j+1);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<r;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c;j++)
{
printf("%3d",a[i][j]);
}
}
getch();
}

Result:

Input:
enter row and column Size:2
3

enter 1 row 1 column Element:8
enter 1 row 2 column Element:5
enter 1 row 3 column Element:4

enter 2 row 1 column Element:1
enter 2 row 2 column Element:9
enter 2 row 3 column Element:6

  8  5  4
  1  9  6

/*Write a C program to find sum of  two
 matrices */                  
/*Write a C program to find product of  two
 matrices */                  
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
int r1,c1,r2,c2,r3,c3,i,j;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter row and column Size Matrix A:");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("\nEnter row and column Size Matrix B:");
scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
if(r1==r2&&c1==c2)
{
            printf("\nenter elements  for Matrix A:");
            for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
            {
printf("enter %d row %d column Element:",i+1,j+1);
            scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
            }
            }
            printf("\nenter elements  for Matrix B:");
            for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
            {
printf("enter %d row %d column Element:",i+1,j+1);
            scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
            }
            }
            r3=r1;//r3=r2;
            c3=c1;//c3=c2;
            for(i=0;i<r3;i++)
            {
            for(j=0;j<c3;j++)
            {
            c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
            }
            }
            printf("\nMatrix A:");
            for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
            {
            printf("%3d",a[i][j]);
            }
            }
            printf("\nMatrix B:");
            for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
            {
            printf("%3d",b[i][j]);
            }
            }
            printf("\n Addition of Matrix A and B:");
            for(i=0;i<r3;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c3;j++)
            {
            printf("%3d",c[i][j]);
            }
            }


}
else
{
printf("\nMatrix Addition is not possible");
}
getch();
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
int r1,c1,r2,c2,r3,c3,i,j,k;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter row and column Size of Matrix A:");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("\nEnter row and column Size of Matrix B:");
scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
if(c1==r2)
{
            printf("\nenter Element for Matrix A:");
            for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
            {
printf("enter %d row %d column Element:",i+1,j+1);
            scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
            }
            }
            printf("\nenter Element for Matrix B:");
            for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
            {
printf("enter %d row %d column Element:",i+1,j+1);
            scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
            }
            }
            r3=r1;
            c3=c2;
            for(i=0;i<r3;i++)
            {
            for(j=0;j<c3;j++)
            {
            c[i][j]=0;
            for(k=0;k<c1;k++)
            {
            c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
            }
            }
            }
            printf("\nMatrix A:");
            for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
            {
            printf("%3d",a[i][j]);
            }
            }
            printf("\nMatrix B:");
            for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
            {
            printf("%3d",b[i][j]);
            }
            }
            printf("\nproduct of Matrix A and B:");
            for(i=0;i<r3;i++)
            {
            printf("\n");
            for(j=0;j<c3;j++)
            {
            printf("%3d",c[i][j]);
            }
            }


}
else
{
printf("\nMatrix product is not possible");
}
getch();
}

Result:
Input:

Enter row and column Size Matrix A:2
2

enter elements for Matrix A:
enter 1 row 1 column Element:1
enter 1 row 2 column Element:2

enter 2 row 1 column Element:3
enter 2 row 2 column Element:4

enter elements for Matrix B:
enter 1 row 1 column Element:5
enter 1 row 2 column Element:6

enter 2 row 1 column Element:7
enter 2 row 2 column Element:8

Output:

Matrix A:
  1  2
  3  4
Matrix B:
  5  6
  7  8
Addition of Matrix A and B:
  6  8
 10 12

Result:
Input:

Enter row and column Size of Matrix A:2
2

Enter row and column Size of Matrix B:2
2

enter element for Matrix A:
enter 1 row 1 column element:1
enter 1 row 2 column element:1

enter 2 row 1 column element:1
enter 2 row 2 column element:1

enter element for Matrix B:
enter 1 row 1 column element:1
enter 1 row 2 column element:1

enter 2 row 1 column element:1
enter 2 row 2 column element:1

Output:
Matrix A:
  1  1
  1  1
Matrix B:
  1  1
  1  1
product of Matrix A and B:
  2  2
  2  2

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